https://wiki.nxez.com/ 2026-04-12T07:46:46+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/ https://wiki.nxez.com/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/images/favicon.ico text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:adcl_adch?rev=1482675312&do=diff ADCL/ADCH Abstract The ADCD/ADCH are registers which store the result of AD conversion. Source Code The ADCD/ADCH are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. #define ADCL _SFR_MEM8(0x78) #define ADCH _SFR_MEM8(0x79) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:adcsra?rev=1482675312&do=diff ADCSRA Abstract The ADCSRA(ADC Control and Status Register A) is a register to control AD conversion. Source Code The ADCSRA is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. #define ADCSRA _SFR_MEM8(0x7A) #define ADPS0 0 #define ADPS1 1 #define ADPS2 2 #define ADIE 3 #define ADIF 4 #define ADATE 5 #define ADSC 6 #define ADEN 7 text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:admux?rev=1482675312&do=diff ADMUX Abstract The ADMUX(ADC Multiplexer Selection Register) is a register that controls the reference voltage, the presentation of the ADC conversion(left adjust or right adjust) and analog channel selection. Source Code The ADMUX is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:bit_is_set?rev=1482675312&do=diff bit_is_set() Abstcact The bit_is_set() is a macro that checks if the second argumen-th bit of the first argument is 1. Source Code The bit_is_set() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. #define bit_is_set(sfr, bit) (_SFR_BYTE(sfr) & _BV(bit)) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:bv?rev=1482675312&do=diff _BV() Abstract The _BV() is a macro that shifts 1 to left by the specified numnber. Source Code The _BV() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h, as shown below. #define _BV(bit) (1 << (bit)) The _BV() is a macro that shifts 1 to left by the specified numnber. For example _BV(5) would be 0b00100000. text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:cli?rev=1482675312&do=diff cli() Abstract The cli() is a macro that executes an assembler instruction to disable interrupts. Source Code The cli() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/interrupt.h as below. # define cli() __asm__ __volatile__ ("cli" ::) The cli is an assembler instruction to disable interrputs. text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:ddrx?rev=1482675312&do=diff DDR Abstract The DDR(Data Direction Register)s are registers which determine if the digital pin is output mode or input mode. There are three registers called DDRB, DDRC and DDRD. Source Code The DDRB, DDRC and DDRD are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:eicra?rev=1482675312&do=diff EICRA/EIMSK Abstcact The EICRA/EIMSK are registers to control external interrupts. Source Code The EICRA and EIMSK are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. #define EICRA _SFR_MEM8(0x69) #define ISC00 0 #define ISC01 1 #define ISC10 2 #define ISC11 3 #define EIMSK _SFR_IO8(0x1D) #define INT0 0 #define INT1 1 text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:interrupt_vectors?rev=1482675312&do=diff Interrupt Vectors Abstract Definitions of the interrupt vectors. Source Code The interrupt vectors related codes are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. /* Interrupt Vectors */ /* Interrupt Vector 0 is the reset vector. */ #define INT0_vect _VECTOR(1) /* External Interrupt Request 0 */ #define INT1_vect _VECTOR(2) /* External Interrupt Request 1 */ #define PCINT0_vect _VECTOR(3) /* Pin Change Interrupt Request 0 */ #define PCINT1_ve… text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:isr?rev=1482675312&do=diff ISR() Abstract The ISR() is a macro to define a function to register with an interrupt vector. ソースコード The ISR() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/interrupt.h as below. # define __INTR_ATTRS used, externally_visible # define ISR(vector, ...) \ extern "C" void vector (void) __attribute__ ((signal,__INTR_ATTRS)) __VA_ARGS__; \ void vector (void) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:lpm?rev=1482675312&do=diff __LPM() Abstract The __LPM() is a macro that reads a byte of data stored in a specified address(PROGMEM area). Source Code The __LPM() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/pgmspace.h as below. #define __LPM(addr) __LPM_enhanced__(addr) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:lpm_enhanced?rev=1482675312&do=diff __LPM_enhanced__() Abstract The __LPM_enhanced() is an assembler code that reads a byte of data stored in a specified address(PROGMEM area). Source Code The __LPM_enhanced() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/pgmspace.h as below. #define __LPM_enhanced__(addr) \ (__extension__({ \ uint16_t __addr16 = (uint16_t)(addr); \ uint8_t __result; \ __asm__ \ ( \ "lpm %0, Z" "\n\t" \ … text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:lpm_word?rev=1482675312&do=diff __LPM_word() Abstract The __LPM() is a macro that reads a word of data stored in a specified address(PROGMEM area). Source Code The __LPM_word() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/pgmspace.h as below. #define __LPM_word(addr) __LPM_word_enhanced__(addr) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:lpm_word_enhanced?rev=1482675312&do=diff __LPM_word_enhanced__() Abstarct The __LPM_enhanced() is an assembler code that reads a word of data stored in a specified address(PROGMEM area). Source Code The __LPM_word_enhanced() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/pgmspace.h as below. text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:mmio_byte?rev=1482675312&do=diff _MMIO_BYTE() Abstract The _MMIO_BYTE() is a macro that returns a byte of data at the specified address. Source Code The _MMIO_BYTE() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. #define _MMIO_BYTE(mem_addr) (*(volatile uint8_t *)(mem_addr)) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:mmio_word?rev=1482675312&do=diff _MMIO_WORD() Abstract The _MMIO_WORD() is a macro that returns two bytes of data at the specified address. Source Code The _MMIO_WORD() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. #define _MMIO_WORD(mem_addr) (*(volatile uint16_t *)(mem_addr)) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:ocrnx?rev=1482675312&do=diff Output Compare Register Abstract The output compare registers are registers to set the duty ratio for PWM output. Source Code The output compare registers are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. #define OCR0A _SFR_IO8(0x27) #define OCR0B _SFR_IO8(0x28) #define OCR1A _SFR_MEM16(0x88) #define OCR1B _SFR_MEM16(0x8A) #define OCR2A _SFR_MEM8(0xB3) #define OCR2B _SFR_MEM8(0xB4) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:pgm_read_byte?rev=1482675312&do=diff pgm_read_byte() Abstract The pgm_read_byte() is a macro that reads a byte of data stored in a specified address(PROGMEM area). Source Code The pgm_read_byte() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/pgmspace.h as below. #define pgm_read_byte(address_short) pgm_read_byte_near(address_short) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:pgm_read_byte_near?rev=1482675312&do=diff pgm_read_byte_near() Abstract The pgm_read_byte_near() is a macro that reads a byte of data stored in a specified address(PROGMEM area). Source Code The pgm_read_byte_near() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/pgmspace.h as below. #define pgm_read_byte_near(address_short) __LPM((uint16_t)(address_short)) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:pgm_read_word?rev=1482675312&do=diff pgm_read_word() Abstract The pgm_read_byte() is a macro that read a word of data stored in a specified address(PROGMEM area). Source Code The pgm_read_word() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/pgmspace.h as below. #define pgm_read_word(address_short) pgm_read_word_near(address_short) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:pgm_read_word_near?rev=1482675312&do=diff pgm_read_byte_near() Abstract The pgm_read_byte_near() is a macro that reads a byte of data stored in a specified address(PROGMEM area). Source Code The pgm_read_byte_near() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/pgmspace.h as below. #define pgm_read_byte_near(address_short) __LPM((uint16_t)(address_short)) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:portxn?rev=1482675312&do=diff PORT Abstract The PORTs are registers for bi-directional I/O. There are three registers called PORTB, PORTC and PORTD. Source Code The PORTB, PORTC and PORTD are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. #define PORTB _SFR_IO8(0x05) #define PORTC _SFR_IO8(0x08) #define PORTD _SFR_IO8(0x0B) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:sei?rev=1482675312&do=diff sei() Abstract The sei() is a macro that executes an assembler instruction to enable interrupts. Source Code The sei() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/interrupt.h as below. # define sei() __asm__ __volatile__ ("sei" ::) The sei is an assembler instruction to disable interrputs. text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:sfr_addr?rev=1482675312&do=diff _SFR_ADDR() Abstract The _SFR_ADDR() is a macro that returns the address of the argument. Source Code The _SFR_ADDR() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. #define _SFR_ADDR(sfr) _SFR_MEM_ADDR(sfr) It calls _SFR_MEM_ADDR(). text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:sfr_byte?rev=1482675312&do=diff _SFR_BYTE() Abstract The _SFR_BYTE() is a macro that returns a byte of data of the specified address. Source Code The _SFR_BYTE() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. #define _SFR_BYTE(sfr) _MMIO_BYTE(_SFR_ADDR(sfr)) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:12+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:sfr_io8?rev=1482675312&do=diff _SFR_IO8() Abstract The _SFR_IO8() converts the I/O address to the memory address. It is a macro that returns a byte of data at an address of io_addr + __SFR_OFFSET. Source Code The _SFR_IO8() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:sfr_mem8?rev=1482675314&do=diff _SFR_MEM8() Abstract The _SFR_MEM8() is a macro to return a byte of data of the specified address. Source Code The _SFR_MEM8() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. #define _SFR_MEM8(mem_addr) _MMIO_BYTE(mem_addr) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:sfr_mem16?rev=1482675314&do=diff _SFR_MEM16() Abstract The _SFR_MEM16() is a macro to return two bytes of data of the specified address. Source Code The _SFR_MEM16() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. #define _SFR_MEM16(mem_addr) _MMIO_WORD(mem_addr) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:sfr_mem_addr?rev=1482675314&do=diff _SFR_MEM_ADDR() Abstract The _SFR_MEM_ADDR() is a macro that returns the address of the argument. Source Code The _SFR_MEM_ADDR() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. #define _SFR_MEM_ADDR(sfr) ((uint16_t) &(sfr)) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:sfr_word?rev=1482675314&do=diff _SFR_WORD() Abstract The _SFR_WORD() is a macro that returns two bytes of data of the specified address. Source Code The _SFR_WORD() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. #define _SFR_WORD(sfr) _MMIO_WORD(_SFR_ADDR(sfr)) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:signal?rev=1482675314&do=diff SIGNAL() Abstract The SIGNAL() is a macro to define a function to register to interrupt vectors. ソースコード The SIGNAL() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/interrupt.h as below. # define __INTR_ATTRS used, externally_visible # define SIGNAL(vector) \ extern "C" void vector(void) __attribute__ ((signal, __INTR_ATTRS)); \ void vector (void) text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:sreg?rev=1482675314&do=diff SREG Abstract The SREG is a status register of ATmega328P. Source Code The SREG is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/common.h as below. #define SREG _SFR_IO8(0x3F) 0x3F is an I/O address of SREG. They call _SFR_IO8(). The status register is a 8bit register. The meanings of each bit are shown below. text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:tccrnx?rev=1482675314&do=diff Timer/Counter Control Register Abstract The Timer/Counter Control Registers are registers to control timers and counters. Source Code Timer/Counter Control Registers are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. #define TCCR0A _SFR_IO8(0x24) #define WGM00 0 #define WGM01 1 #define COM0B0 4 #define COM0B1 5 #define COM0A0 6 #define COM0A1 7 #define TCCR0B _SFR_IO8(0x25) #define CS00 0 #define CS01 1 #define CS02 2 #define WGM02 3 #define FOC0B 6 #define FOC0A 7 #de… text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:tcntn?rev=1482675314&do=diff Timer/Counter Register Abstract The Timer/Counter Registers are registers incremented by each timer clock. Source Code The Timer/Counter registers related codes are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. #define TCNT0 _SFR_IO8(0x26) #define TCNT0_0 0 #define TCNT0_1 1 #define TCNT0_2 2 #define TCNT0_3 3 #define TCNT0_4 4 #define TCNT0_5 5 #define TCNT0_6 6 #define TCNT0_7 7 #define TCNT1 _SFR_MEM16(0x84) #define TCNT1L _SFR_MEM8(0x84) #define TCNT1L0 0 #define … text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:tifrn?rev=1482675314&do=diff Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Register Abstract The Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Registers are registers to control timer interruption. Source Code The Timer/Counter Interrupt Flag Registers related codes are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:timskn?rev=1482675314&do=diff Timer/Counter Interrupt Mask Register Abstract The Timer/Counter Interrupt Mask Registers are registers related to timer interruption. Source Code The Timer/Counter Interrupt Mask Register related codes are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:usart0?rev=1482675314&do=diff USART0 Abstract USART0（Universal Synchronous and Asynchronous serial Receiver and Transmitter) related registers. Source Code The USART0 related codes are defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/iom328p.h as below. #define UCSR0A _SFR_MEM8(0xC0) #define MPCM0 0 #define U2X0 1 #define UPE0 2 #define DOR0 3 #define FE0 4 #define UDRE0 5 #define TXC0 6 #define RXC0 7 #define UCSR0B _SFR_MEM8(0xC1) #define TXB80 0 #define RXB80 1 #define UCSZ02 2 #define TXEN0 3 #define RXEN0 4 #define … text/html 2016-12-25T22:15:14+08:00 https://wiki.nxez.com/arduino:avrgcc:vector?rev=1482675314&do=diff _VECTOR() Abstract The _VECTOR() is a macro to convert an interrupt vector number to a real address. Source Code The _VECTOR() is defined in hardware/tools/avr/avr/include/avr/sfr_defs.h as below. #define _VECTOR(N) __vector_ ## N For example, if the N is 7, it is converted to __vector_7.