Increment or decrement a variable

x++;  // increment x by one and returns the old value of x
++x;  // increment x by one and returns the new value of x
 
x-- ;   // decrement x by one and returns the old value of x 
--x ;   // decrement x by one and returns the new value of x  

x: an integer or long (possibly unsigned)

The original or newly incremented / decremented value of the variable.

x = 2;
y = ++x;      // x now contains 3, y contains 3
y = x--;      // x contains 2 again, y still contains 3 
See also
+=
-=

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